Abstract

Background: Post-stroke delirium is a frequent and significant complication of stroke, The impact of post-stroke delirium on stroke recovery is substantial. It leads to prolonged hospital stays, increased dependence and mortality rates. As a result, early identification and prompt treatment of post-stroke
delirium are imperative for optimizing outcomes in stroke patients. Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the Prevalence of Post Stroke Delirium
and associated risk factors in hospitalized patients, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from August to December, 2023.

Method: We performed a prospective observational cross sectional study, including all the stroke patients admitted to respective study areas during the study period.
A total of 101 participants who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were involved in this study. Data was collected using interviewer administered Questionnaire with well tested and validated tool,Patients were assessed for Delirium within 48 hour of admission and subsequently screened
every 12 hours.

Results: Out of 101 patients 26(25.7%) had Post stroke Delirium. Majority 56 (55.4%) of the patients were females. The mean (SD) age of the study participants was 56.05 ± 15.38 years, the mean time in day’s until the occurrence of delirium is 3 ± 1 days. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that, Age greater than 60(AOR=19.1, 95% CI (1.7-211) p=0.016, Presence of Sepsis (AOR=8.3, 95% CI (1.2-56) P=0.029, Presence of Polypharmacy (AOR=157, 95% CI (10.2- 244)
P=0.0001, Presence of Electrolyte Derangement (AOR=65.2, 95% CI (3.4-124.1) P=0.005 were statistically significant risk factors.

Conclusion: Our Study showed that Post Stroke Delirium occurs in a quarter of patientsadmitted with Diagnosis of Acute Stroke, and the Identified risk factors were Age greater than 60, Polypharmacy, Presence of Sepsis and Electrolyte Derangement, Medical professionals responsible for caring for acute stroke patients should be vigilant in identifying those at higher risk of developing post-stroke delirium.